Hip health is essential for a child’s mobility and overall development. Pediatric Hip Dysplasia, also known as Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH), is a condition where the hip joint does not develop properly, leading to instability or dislocation. While it can be concerning for parents, early diagnosis and treatment can help ensure the best possible outcome for your child.
What is Pediatric Hip Dysplasia?
This condition occurs when the ball-and-socket joint of the hip does not form correctly. In a healthy hip, the ball (femoral head) fits securely into the socket (acetabulum). However, in children with hip dysplasia, the socket may be too shallow or loose, causing the hip to be unstable or even dislocated.
The condition can be present at birth or develop as the child grows, which is why regular pediatric check-ups are crucial.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of hip dysplasia is not always clear, but several factors may contribute to its development:
- Family History: Hip dysplasia tends to run in families.
- Breech Birth: Babies born in the breech position (bottom first instead of head first) have a higher risk of hip dysplasia due to limited space in the womb.
- Firstborn Children: Firstborn babies may have less room in the womb, which can affect hip development.
- Female Gender: Girls are more commonly affected due to hormonal influences that can make the ligaments more lax.
- Tight Swaddling Practices: Swaddling a baby too tightly with the legs extended straight can increase the risk of hip dysplasia by restricting natural hip movement.
Signs and Symptoms of Hip Dysplasia
In newborns and young children, hip dysplasia can be difficult to detect without a medical exam. However, parents should look out for the following signs:
- Uneven leg length: One leg may appear shorter than the other.
- Asymmetrical skin folds: Extra skin folds on one side of the thigh or buttocks may indicate hip misalignment.
- Limited hip movement: Difficulty spreading the baby’s legs apart during diaper changes.
- Limping or toe-walking (in older children): If untreated, this condition can lead to an abnormal walking pattern.
If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to consult a pediatric orthopedic specialist like Dr. Arun Hariharan, who can evaluate your child’s hip health.
How is Hip Dysplasia Diagnosed?
Early diagnosis is key to successful treatment. Pediatricians routinely check for hip dysplasia at newborn exams and well-baby visits. If an issue is suspected, the following tests may be used:
- Physical Exam: The doctor will gently move the baby’s hips to check for instability.
- Ultrasound (for infants): A non-invasive imaging test that provides a detailed view of the hip joint.
- X-ray (for older children): Used to assess hip development in children over six months old.
Treatment Options for Pediatric Hip Dysplasia
The treatment for hip dysplasia depends on the child’s age and the severity of the condition.
1. Pavlik Harness (for infants)
- Used for babies under six months old to keep the hips in the correct position.
- Allows the hip socket to develop properly while maintaining flexibility.
2. Bracing or Casting (for older infants and toddlers)
- If the Pavlik harness is ineffective, a hip abduction brace or spica cast may be used.
- This helps hold the hips in place for proper growth.
3. Surgery (for severe cases)
- If not corrected early, surgery may be necessary to reposition the hip joint.
- Procedures such as closed reduction, open reduction, or osteotomy may be performed depending on the severity.
Why Early Detection Matters
When detected and treated early, hip dysplasia has an excellent prognosis, and most children grow up with normal hip function. However, if left untreated, it can lead to:
- Hip pain
- Arthritis in early adulthood
- Difficulty walking or running
- The need for hip replacement later in life
Schedule an Evaluation with Dr. Arun Hariharan
If you have concerns about your child’s hip development, Dr. Arun Hariharan, a leading pediatric orthopedic surgeon in West Palm Beach, FL, is here to help. Early intervention can prevent long-term complications and ensure your child stays active and healthy.
📅 Schedule an appointment today to learn more about treatment options.